Besides thermite welding (see procedure here: http://ingjoseguerrero.blogspot.mx/2013/09/railroad-thermite-welding.html ) another solution for "Continuous Welded Rails" consist on applied directly Flash-Butt welding over the railway.
For this purpose are used welding machines which run on the railway.
In the following video we can see a demonstration of how a truck welder works on the railway. (Thanks "SRS Road to Rail").
1. The rails are released from their fixation on the immediate ties to their joints.
2. It grinds the end of the rail up to 30 cm.
3. The rails are aligned and leveled.
4. The welder truck approaches and lowers the robot, this imprisons both rails to ensure alignment.
5. Welding robot is actuated and, by means of electrical impulses, binds both rails.
6. The welding robot removes part of the welding burr shape but, anyway, it is necessary to grind it until the surface is identical to the form that has the rail.
7. Fix the rail to the tie.
8. Heat the rail to force its expansión
9. In the case of track on wooden ties: anchors are placed.
The video below shows how this procedure applies directly to the railway. (Thanks blueberries dafts).
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